Sunday, June 19, 2011

Life Drawing 41: A Gibson Father's Day

December 3, 1898


Where would the Gibson Girl be without her Gibson Dad? Working long hours in endless condescension as a shopgirl or as a seamstress locked in a burning shirtwaist factory, or married and raising six kids on a iceman's salary, that's where. She'd be nowhere near a Gibson drawing, that's for sure.

October 20, 1898


In 1898 Gibson began a series of drawings that followed a henpecked husband and beleaguered father on an extended tour of Europe with his two beautiful daughters and his wife (who kinda looks like Fred Mertz in Gay Nineties drag.) These drawings would be collected the next year into a book. They might have been created with a book in mind, as Gibson's books had by this time proved to be a hugely popular and lucrative venture for the artist. What follows is a sadly incomplete look at the series The Education of Mr. Pipp by Charles Dana Gibson.


September 29, 1898



October 6, 1898



October 13, 1898



October 20, 1898



October 27, 1898



November 3, 1898




November 10, 1898




December 1, 1898




December 8, 1898




October 5, 1899

Saturday, June 11, 2011

Life Drawing 40: T. S. Sullivant, 1898-99

Completing a look at T. S. Sullivant's contributions to Life for 1898 and the meager selection currently available to me from 1899.



May 5, 1898






May 12, 1898






June 23, 1898






August 11, 1898







September 29, 1898






September 29, 1898







October 13, 1898






October 13, 1898







October 20, 1898






October 20, 1898






October 27, 1898






November 3, 1898






November 3, 1898






November 10, 1898






November 24, 1898






December 1, 1898






December 3, 1898






December 8, 1898






December 22, 1898












May 25, 1899






September 21, 1899







October 5, 1899







December 7, 1899

Sunday, June 05, 2011

Life Drawing 39: More of "Woolf's Waifs"

3. Skinny Legs and All

September 1, 1887

Michael Angelo Woolf drew cartoons that captured late-19th century urban life at street level. He drew cartoons about muggers, con men, drunks, shopkeepers, immigrants and public transit riders. His most popular work (and I'm not clear how that was determined,) was his cartoons featuring the children known, at least to his obituary writer, as "Woolf's Waifs." These were, for the most part, drawings of the children of the lower east side tenements. As previously seen, they could be darkly humorous representations of the harsh living conditions found there or vehicles for lampooning the melodramatic excesses of popular culture. Here they offer commentary on the courting rituals, social customs and class distinctions of the time. It's possible that these children, who appear to be from 7 to 12 years old and seem prematurely interested in the opposite sex and dating and romance, not to mention death, are keenly observed portraits of childhood in the 19th Century. Some of the cartoons do seem to reflect children's concerns and might come from have something Woolf observed. More often, I think that Woolf was using children as tools for satirizing adult behavior, as cartoon kids have been used right up to the present day.  In either case, they must have been a welcome relief for Life's readers to the magazine's depictions of children from the upper crust.


September 2, 1897



February 13, 1890



October 20, 1887


July 1, 1897



May 14, 1896



February 20, 1896



July 14, 1892




April 14, 1887

Any suggestions as to what a "sykesy twist" might mean would be appreciated.


August 11, 1898




October 13, 1887




May 10, 1894


October 6, 1898





February 1, 1894





March 29, 1894






March 8, 1894





June 21, 1894





April 5, 1894


Skinny, weak legs, which may have been the result of malnutrition or disease, probably weren't all that uncommon among the children on the Lower East Side, yet a few of Woolf's drawings indicate there was a substantial social stigma attached to this condition. I don't know if there's any historical truth to this. It's possible Woolf just thought skinny legs on kids were funny. I'm pretty sure that even an accurate explanation wouldn't make these cartoons seem any less bizarre.

December 8, 1887



May 3, 1894




March 25, 1896



November 10, 1892




December 3, 1898


4. Gangs of New York

Gangs existed in New York City from just after the Revolutionary War. With names like the Bowery Boys, the Broadway Boys, The Fly Boys and the Long Bridge Boys, their purpose was not initially criminal.
As a social unit the gang closely resembled such social organizations as the fire company, the fraternal order, and the political club, and all these formations variously overlapped; gangs might serve as the farm league or the strong-arm squad for the other entities. ... The principal pastime of these bands was warring with each other over definitions of territory.1 


Woolf never created a recurring character among his waifs, but he did create an archetype. 
Though the older gang "B'hoy" had been "depicted in the penny press and the popular theater"2 prior to Woolf, his cartoons of younger kids emulating the speech and petty criminality of their elders are cited as a precursor to, or possibly the inspiration for, Outcault's Yellow Kid. At Life in the next century Percy Crosby and J.R. Shaver would have their own takes on the streetwise city kid. (Crosby didn't miss the importance of the recurring character and created the popular Skippy.) Eventually the type would be all over the movie screen, from Our Gang to the Dead End Kids, lingering on into anachronistic absurdity at least through the last Bowery Boys picture in 1958.


February 17, 1887



June 30, 1895




January 18, 1894




April 7, 1887




July 7, 1892




April 12, 1894



November 17, 1892



March 8, 1894







October 17, 1895




May 28, 1896





March 5, 1896





June 16, 1887




April 30, 1896






January 27, 1887





August 6, 1891




August 11, 1892


Sometimes, though, Woolf's kids were just kids.



May 5, 1887




April 21, 1887



November 24, 1898


November 24, 1892

June 9, 1887



December 22, 1887



September 22, 1887


April 5, 1894





May 17, 1894



October 20, 1898



July 15, 1897



February 8, 1894





Unlinked sources
1. Sante, Luc. Lowlife. New York: Farrar, Strauss, Giroux, 1991.
2. Brown, Joshua. "Gangs." The Encyclopedia of New York City. Yale University Press, 1995.